The author equates 'significance' with 'distribution' and treats them as anderson did. He claims this theory is in opposition to both nominalist and idealist theories. He then discusses mill's "partial reduction... Of the functions and logical value of the syllogism," and the four traditional forms of proposition. In part iv he deals with keynes' theory of a "four-fold 'reading of propositions'." concerning distribution and significance, he concludes that they are both ways of "presenting a valid syllogistic form... That is convenient to use to show the validity of all other valid types of syllogism."